一种星型苯磺酸盐表面活性剂的合成及原油界面张力和乳化性能研究
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A Star-shaped Anionic Surfactant:Synthesis, Emulsification Properties and Interfacial Tension at the Crude Oil-Water Interface
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    摘要:

    以三乙醇胺为原料通过氯化反应、烷基化反应和磺化反应合成了一种星型表面活性剂,其具有3条疏水碳链和3个磺酸盐亲水基团。研究发现该表面活性剂具有很高的表面活性其临界胶束浓度CMC为4.93×10-5 mol/L,此时的界面张力为32.5 mN/m。同时,研究了星型表面活性剂浓度和NaOH浓度对原油/水界面张力的影响。研究发现,少量的星型表面活性剂就能有效的降低原油/水体系的界面张力。当表面活性剂浓度为0.1 g/L,NaOH浓度为0.5 g/L,温度为50 ℃时的原油/水体系的界面张力降至1.1×10-4 mN/m。该界面张力值已经属于超低界面张力,满足驱油用表面活性剂的基本条件。自乳化实验表明,该表面活性剂具有很好的乳化能力,表面活性剂浓度在0.1 g/L时就能将原油乳化成粒径为5 ~ 20 μm的O/W乳状液。

    Abstract:

    In the research, a star-shaped surfactant was synthesized through the chlorination reaction, alkylation reaction and sulfonation reaction of triethanolamine. The star-shaped surfactant synthesized is composed of three hydrophobic chains and three sulfonate hydrophilic groups. Study found that the surfactant has high surface activity with CMC of 4.93×10-5 mol/L and interfacial tension of 32.0 mN/m. At the same time, the effects of the star-shaped surfactant’s concentration and alkalinity (NaOH concentration) on the interfacial tension of the crude oil-water interface would be discussed. It’s indicated in the research that a small amount of star-shaped surfactant can effectively reduce the interfacial tension of crude oil-water interface. When the surfactant concentration was 0.1 g/L and NaOH concentration was 0.5 g/L, interfacial tension of crude oil-water system at 50 ℃ dropped to 1.1×10-4 mN/m, which suggested that the surfactant reached the ultra-low interfacial tension, which can satisfy the requirement of surfactants for oil displacement. And the self-emulsification experiment indicated that the surfactant had excellent emulsification performance. When the surfactant concentration was 0.1 g/L, the crude oil would be turned into O/W emulsion with particle size of 5 ~ 20 μm.

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张瑞,王吉星,彭志刚,霍锦华.一种星型苯磺酸盐表面活性剂的合成及原油界面张力和乳化性能研究[J].精细化工,2017,34(3):0

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历史
  • 收稿日期:2016-06-07
  • 最后修改日期:2016-07-28
  • 录用日期:2016-10-27
  • 在线发布日期: 2017-02-09
  • 出版日期: