Abstract: The Polyester textile is flammable with serious dripping during combustion, which is prone to secondary damage, and greatly limits the widespread application of polyester textiles. Therefore, the de-velopment of flame-retardant polyester textiles is greatly significant. Bio-based flame retardant has be-come a rookie in the field of flame retardants in recent years with its advantages of green, environmental protection and sustainable development. Thus, they have promising prospects. This paper summarized the research status of bio-based flame retardant in polyester textiles at home and abroad. It introduced the ap-plication of phytic acid, chitosan, alginate, protein and other biomass macromolecules in the flame retard-ant modification of polyester textiles, and the flame retardant mechanisms of the above biomass macro-molecules were expounded. The superiority and weakness of various flame retardant finishing method, as well as the flame retardant efficiency of different biological macromolecules were compared. Finally, the research direction of bio-based flame retardant on polyester textiles was prospected, and it was pointed that developing multifunctional green and environmentally friendly flame-retardant polyester textile was an important trend in the future.