Conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs) are an advanced organic porous material class combining π-π conjugated electronic systems with well-defined microporous structures. Owing to their unique physicochemical properties, CMPs have garnered significant attention in recent years and have been widely applied in gas adsorption, membrane separation, catalysis, energy storage, and flame retardancy. Since their initial discovery, CMPs have remained a focal point of research. Their distinctive pore structures and surface properties have made them increasingly attractive for photocatalytic applications. This review provides a concise overview of the photocatalytic mechanisms of CMPs, followed by a discussion of strategies to enhance their photocatalytic performance. These include the design of donor-acceptor (D-A) structures, heteroatom doping, selecting appropriate monomers, and optimizing synthetic methodologies. The applications of CMPs in photocatalysis are then summarized, focusing on photocatalytic hydrogen evolution, CO? reduction, and organic synthesis. Finally, future research directions are proposed. In addition to further improving the photocatalytic efficiency of CMPs, efforts should be directed toward addressing challenges in large-scale production, particularly in designing viable technological routes. Key areas of focus should include the development of Schiff-base and other non-noble metal coupling reactions, achieving a balanced integration of high surface area, electrical conductivity, and mechanical strength, constructing theoretical models to elucidate structure-property relationships in microporous materials, and leveraging quantum chemistry and artificial intelligence to optimize material design strategies. Key words: conjugated microporous polymers; photocatalysis; photocatalytic hydrogen production; CO2 reduction; organic synthesis