Abstract:Nitrogen-rich graphite carbon nitride (g-C3N5) has shown its great potential in the field of photocatalysis due to its narrow bandgap (~2.2 eV) and its ability to absorb visible light with a wavelength of ≤660 nm. However, a single g-C3N5 semiconductor has bottlenecks such as high photogenerated carrier recombination rate and low quantum efficiency. The construction of heterojunction to regulate the interfacial charge migration path has become an effective strategy to improve its photocatalytic performance. In this article, the structures, charge transport mechanisms and modification strategies of g-C3N5 based heterojunctions are summarized, and the photocatalytic degradation performance and mechanism on organic pollutants in aqueous solution are established. In addition, based on the current development status, it is proposed that in the future, environmentally friendly inorganic semiconductors should be developed for the construction of heterojunctions, a mode of "machine learning screening- DFT in-depth analysis-experimental verification" should be established to accelerate the development and optimization of high-performance heterojunctions, efficient and accurate charge detection methods should be applied to reveal the structure and charge transfer mechanism of heterojunctions, and the long-term continuous experiments should be conducted to evaluate the stability and applicability of photocatalysts.

Abstract:Water-based drilling fluid is faced with complex conditions such as high temperature and high salinity in the formation, and cuttings intrusion, which can cause severe thickening of the drilling fluid, resulting in excessive pump start-up pressure, pipe sticking, wellbore instability, and other issues. Viscosity reducers are crucial for regulating the rheological properties of drilling fluid and preventing the thickening. The mature viscosity reduction theory is the basis of developing high-performance viscosity reducers. In this paper, the research status of various viscosity reduction theories (drilling fluid network structure destruction theory, dispersion inhibition of clay hydration theory, and hydrophilicity reduced theory) as well as different types of viscosity reducers (modified natural materials, synthetic polymers, viscosity reducers prepared from industrial and domestic waste) are reviewed. The shortcomings of existing viscosity reduction theories and viscosity reducers are summarized, the difficulties of theoretical research and material development are analyzed. It is proposed that molecular simulation should be employed to visually validate viscosity reduction theory at the molecular level to guide the selection of efficient functional monomers. Moreover, optimizing the synthesis process, reducing the modification cost, with a focus on the development of low-cost, high-performance, eco-friendly, and intelligent viscosity reducers, is the developing trend in the future.

Abstract:With consumers" increasing concern for food safety and environmental protection, the application of polylactic acid (PLA) antimicrobial composites in the food field has attracted a lot of attention. PLA, as a biodegradable and environmentally friendly material, possesses good biocompatibility, however, its antimicrobial properties are weak, which limits the scope of application. This problem can be effectively improved by compositing with various antimicrobial agents. Common antimicrobial agents include metal and oxide nanoparticles, natural antimicrobial substances and organic antimicrobial agents. These antimicrobial agents, when compounded with PLA, confer excellent antimicrobial activity to the material, which can effectively inhibit the growth of common spoilage microorganisms and pathogenic microorganisms in food. This paper reviews the research progress of PLA antimicrobial composites, focusing on the preparation method of PLA antimicrobial composites, the classification of antimicrobial composites, and their applications in food, which will provide some reference for the research and production of new and efficient antimicrobial PLA composites in the future.

Abstract:With the rapid development of commodity economy, fake and shoddy goods are increasingly rampant. Fluorescent anti-counterfeiting is one of the most effective anti-counterfeiting means. Carbon quantum dots (CQDs), as a fluorescent material with excellent properties, is demonstrated wide range of preparation methods, good biocompatibility, broad excitation spectrum and long fluorescence life. Showing great application potential in the field of fluorescence anti-counterfeiting. Thus, the preparation method, structure and fluorescence mechanism of carbon quantum dots are firstly introduced in this review. Subsequently, the common modification methods, such as heteroatom doping, surface functionalization and composite modification, are reviewed through an inside-out approach. In addition, the application status in anti-counterfeiting is systematically analyzed, mainly focusing on the research of CQDs in anti-counterfeiting based on single-mode, double-mode and triple or more mode response mechanisms in detail. Compared with the single-mode anti-counterfeiting, the multi-mode response mechanism is more complex, which significantly improves the security and reliability of anti-counterfeiting, thereby positioning multimodal approaches as the predominant direction for next-generation anti-counterfeiting technologies. Thus, this study provides a reference for the subsequent research of the modification and intelligent anti-counterfeiting technology of carbon quantum dots anti-counterfeiting materials through systematic review.

Abstract:In recent years, supramolecular polymer adhesives with high adhesion strength have garnered widespread attention in fields such as flexible sensing, biomedicine, and fine chemical engineering due to their advantages of dynamic reversibility, superior interfacial adaptability, high adhesion strength, excellent stability, and strong environmental tolerance. They have become a prominent research focus in materials science. This review summarizes recent research progress on high-strength supramolecular polymer adhesives both domestically and internationally. It details their adhesion mechanisms, provides an in-depth investigation into their action mechanisms and structure-property relationships, and synthesizes the current application status of these adhesives in areas like underwater adhesion and biomedicine. The review aims to lay a more solid theoretical foundation for the design and preparation of adhesive materials, thereby promoting continuous innovation and development of fine chemicals within the chemical engineering sector. Furthermore, it summarizes the existing challenges and outlines future development trends. It is anticipated that future research will develop supramolecular polymer adhesives exhibiting even higher adhesion strength, superior biocompatibility, intelligent responsiveness, and enhanced mechanical strength.

Abstract:Dopamine-coated silica (PDA-SiO2) was prepared by self-oxidative polymerization with dopamine and tetraethyl orthosilicate as modifying agents; Hydrophobic modified polydopamine coated nano-SiO2 (HDA-PDA-SiO2) composites were prepared by Michael addition reaction between catechol groups on the surface of PDA-SiO2 and amino groups of hexadecylamine (HDA). The composite coatings were prepared by blending HDA-PDA-SiO2 with waterborne epoxy resin. The structure and thermal properties of the composite materials were characterized using FTIR, TGA, and XPS. The effect of the amount of HDA-PDA-SiO2 (the mass percentage of the composite material in the total mass of aqueous epoxy resin and curing agent) on the physical properties of the coating samples was analyzed through physical property tests and contact angle measurements. The impact of the amount of HDA-PDA-SiO2 on the anti-corrosion performance of the coating was evaluated through electrochemical experiments and salt spray tests. The results indicate that the HDPDNS/WEP2 coating, prepared using 0.8% HDA-PDA-SiO2, exhibits the best overall performance. It has an adhesion rating of 0, a pencil hardness of 4H, an impact resistance of 45 kg cm, a contact angle of 108.8°, and a corrosion inhibition efficiency of 98.3%. Compared to the WEP coating, the corrosion current density of the HDPDNS/WEP2 coating decreases from 7.01×10-5 A/cm2 to 3.92×10-6 A/cm2, and the corrosion potential increases from-0.547 V to-0.199 V. Additionally, the HDPDNS/WEP2 coating shows no significant changes in salt spray resistance over a 30-day test period.

Abstract:In this study, octadecylamine (ODA)was employed to graft-modify graphene oxide (GO), followed by reduction with hydrazine hydrate (N2H4). This process effectively improved the dispersion stability of graphene in organic solvents, and successful modification was confirmed through various characterization techniques including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). A bio-based flexible strain sensing material was fabricated through solution blending and compression molding processes, utilizing bio-based Eucommia ulmoides gum as the matrix. An efficient conductive network structures were established via the synergistic effect of modified graphene and carbon nanotubes (CNT). The dispersion of fillers within the matrix and the sensing performance of the flexible material were systematically investigated using a universal testing machine, Fluke data acquisition instrument, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results demonstrated that the modified graphene and carbon nanotubes achieve uniform dispersion in the gutta-peritoneum matrix, which makes the sample obtain excellent electrical conductivity, and the resistance of the sample is reduced by 2 orders of magnitude compared with the sample filled with the unmodified filler. The Eucommia ulmoides gum flexible sensing material exhibited outstanding sensing performance in low-strain ranges, characterized by a gauge factor of 35, rapid response time of 56 ms, and remarkable stability.

Abstract:First, γ-glycidyl ether propyl trimethoxysilane (KH560) and diethylenetriamine (DETA) were used as raw materials to synthesize a novel multi-amino silane modifier (AS) through a ring-opening addition reaction. Next, the mesoporous silica (SiO2) carrier was prepared by acidification, calcination and pore-creation in natural wollastonite. Finally, amino-functionalized mesoporous SiO2 composites (AS/SiO2) were obtained by grafting AS onto the surface of the mesoporous SiO2 carrier. The samples were characterized using techniques such as X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), N2 adsorption-desorption (BET), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The static and dynamic adsorption performance of AS/SiO2 for CO2 capture under different loading conditions was investigated, and its adsorption mechanism was studied. The results indicated that AS was bonded to the surface of the mesoporous SiO2 carrier in the form of the chemical bond. Compared to SiO2, the AS/SiO2 composite significantly improved the CO2 adsorption capacity and breakthrough time. When the AS loading was 10%, the equilibrium CO2 adsorption capacity of the AS/SiO2 composite was 123.4 mg/g.

Abstract:A microporous selective adsorbent of carbon dioxide was constructed with raw materials such as zinc nitrate, 5-chloroisophthalic acid, and 4,4"-bipyridine, using pore size matching and chlorine functionalization strategies. The stability of the material was investigated by XRD and TG, and the results showed that it has excellent moisture stability and good thermal stability. The XPS and FTIR analysis results showed that the surface of material contains C, N, O, Cl, and Zn, and it has characteristic peaks of the functional groups of organic ligand. The analysis of specific surface area and pore size indicated that the synthesized material has a ultra microporous structure, with a most probable pore size of 0.349 nm and a BET specific surface area of 254.29 m2·g-1. Under the synergistic effect of micro pores and functionalized chlorine groups, the adsorbent exhibits good affinity for CO2. At 298 K and 100 kPa, the adsorption selectivity of CO2/C2H2, CO2/CH4, CO2/CO, and CO2/N2 were 2.80, 17.77, 34.80, and 71.47, respectively. The microporous adsorbent has moderate adsorption heat for CO2, making it easy to activate and regenerate, and its stability and reusability are excellent. So it is a good selective adsorption material for CO2.

Abstract:Composite sponges MS@PDA@APTMS were prepared by modifying melamine sponges (MS) with polydopamine (PDA) and introducing hydrophobic 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APTMS), and crosslinked copolymer (GSP) solutions containing epoxy groups at the end and long carbon chain groups were prepared by the sulfhydryl-alkenyl-click reaction, and were used for impregnation curing of composite sponges MS@PDA@APTMS. The superhydrophobic MS@PDA@APTMS@GSP composite sponge (MPAG) was prepared. The chemical structure and morphology of MPAG were characterized by FTIR and SEM, and its mechanical durability, oil-water separation ability and photothermal deicing performance were investigated. The results showed that the deposition of PDA endowed the MPAG with photothermal properties and provided active sites for subsequent reactions; the introduction of epoxy groups and GSPs with long carbon chain groups formed a rough surface and significantly enhanced the mechanical durability and hydrophobicity of the sponge.The water contact angle of the MPAG was 156°, which remained above 150° after 20 tape stripping or sandpaper abrasion experiments, and it still showed superhydrophobicity; MPAG has good separation effect on the mixture of different organic solvents (carbon tetrachloride, methylene chloride, toluene, hexane, ethyl acetate) and water, and the separation efficiency is 90.7%~99.5%. The separation was repeated for 20 times, and its separation efficiency for carbon tetrachloride/water mixtures remained above 98%; the maximum surface temperature of MPAG under infrared lamp irradiation was 68.5 ℃, which was 2.5 times higher than that of MS (27.7 ℃) under the same conditions.

Abstract:PC/Fe3+?catechol moiety functionalized nano-silica (CFNS? Fe3+) binary composite film materials were constructed by using solution blending method with CFNS? Fe3+ as the reinforcing filler. Scanning electron microscopy, laser particle sizer and Raman spectroscopy were applied to characterize the surface morphology and structure of CFNS?Fe3+. The mechanical properties, thermal stability, micro-morphology of fracture surface, UV?visible light transmittance and surface wear resistance of the composite films were analyzed and evaluated by a universal mechanical tester, thermogravimetric analyzer, scanning electron microscope, UV?visible spectrophotometer, and ball-on-disk tribometer, respectively. The results show that the tensile strength and tensile modulus of the composite film can reach 50.6 MPa and 1022 MPa, respectively, when the addition of CFNS-Fe3+ is 1%; the initial degradation temperature and the maximum degradation temperature can be increased by 5.5 oC compared with that of the pure PC film; and the average friction coefficient of the composite film is 0.30, indicating relatively high wear resistance. In addition, the composite film can achieve effective shielding of UV light while ensuring high transmittance of visible light.

Abstract:Using fish skin gelatin (FG) and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) as raw materials, orange essential oil (OEO) as antibacterial agent, the antibacterial composite membrane was prepared by crosslinking method, through FTIR, XRD, SEM, thermal weight analysis, and its mechanical, optical, barrier, antibacterial properties were tested.the results show that, Better composite of the OEO with the FG / CMCS basement membrane, Compared with the FG / CMCS basement membrane, When added (measured by the weight of basement membrane forming fluid, The same below) is 0.8%, The tensile strength of the composite membrane was reduced by 10.46%, But it still has good mechanical properties, The elongation rate of fracture increased by 12.96%; A decline in transparency, Light transmittance decreased by 8.7%; Water resistance and water vapor barrier performance are significantly enhanced, Water content, water solubility and water vapor transmittance decreased by 22.48%, 30.49% and 26.41%, respectively; DPPH radical clearance increased by 247.88%, The oxidation resistance is significantly improved; It has a good antibacterial effect against E. coli and S. aureus.

Abstract:In order to improve the hydrophilic and antistatic properties of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fibers, tin-antimony oxide-coated titanium dioxide (TiO2@ATO) and sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS) were used to modify PAN fibers, and TiO2@ATO/SDBS-PAN composite fibers were prepared by using homemade wet spinning equipment. The effect of the mass fraction of TiO2@ATO/SDBS on the composite fibers was investigated by fixing m(TiO2@ATO)∶m(SDBS)=4∶1. The micro-morphology, structural composition, thermal stability and whiteness of the TiO2@ATO/SDBS-PAN composite fibers were characterized and determined using SEM, XRD, FTIR, TGA, and whiteness meter by fiber The hydrophilic and antistatic properties of TiO2@ATO/SDBS-PAN composite fibers were tested by water absorption multiplicity determination experiments and electrical resistance tester, and the water washing resistance of fiber resistivity was tested by water washing experiments. The results showed that TiO2@ATO and SDBS were uniformly distributed in TiO2@ATO/SDBS-PAN composite fibers when the mass fraction of TiO2@ATO/SDBS was 25%; TiO2@ATO/SDBS-PAN composite fibers were able to conduct charges rapidly and effectively, and compared with the samples without the addition of SDBS, their volume resistivity was reduced from 1013 Ω·cm to 108 Ω·cm, with better antistatic properties and less effect on the whiteness of the composite fiber, as well as good resistance to water washing; The water absorption ratio of TiO2@ATO/SDBS-PAN composite fibers was increased from 98.1% of that of pure PAN fibers to 117.8%, showing good hydrophilicity.

Abstract:In order to remove residual liquid crystals in the liquid crystal box to improve the performance of the liquid crystal display, a series of Gemini surfactants BNPA-H-400, BNPA-F-200, BNPA-F-400, and BNPA-F-500 were synthesized using polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether and bisphenol compounds as raw materials. The structural configurations of these surfactants were confirmed through comprehensive analytical characterization including FTIR,1HNMR, 13CNMR, 19FNMR, and LC-QQQ-MS.Their surface activity, wetting performance, low-foaming properties, and emulsification capability were systematically evaluated. The results show that the overall performance of BNPA-F-400 is the best. BNPA-F-400 was mixed with ethanolamine, alcohols, C8-10, ethoxylated (JFC-6), and water as a water-based cleaning agent, and its application in liquid crystal cleaning was studied. When the optimal mass fractions of BNPA-F-400, ethanolamine, JFC-6, and water in the water-based cleaning agent are 0.5%, 5%, 3%, and 91.5%, respectively, the cleaning efficiency of the liquid crystal is the best, reaching 98.77%. Compared with commercially available nonionic surfactants alcohols, C12-18, ethoxylated (AEO-9), polyethylene glycol lauryl ether (O-20), and polyethylene glycol mono(4-tert-octylphenyl) ether (TX-10), the cleaning efficiency of BNPA-F-400 was improved by 2.63%, 1.56%, and 1.57%, respectively.

Abstract:Using NaZSM-5 zeolite with a low silica-to-alumina ratio 〔n(Si)/n(Al)＝10〕 as the support, a Ga and Co bimetallic-modified catalyst, denoted as GaxCoZ5, was prepared via the ion-exchange method and applied to the CO2-mediated oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane (CO2-ODH). The structural composition, microscopic morphology, textural parameters, acidity, and CO2 adsorption properties of GaxCoZ5 were characterized and tested using techniques such as XRD, BET, TEM, XPS, NH3-TPD, and CO2-TPD. Based on the results of ethane conversion, ethylene yield, and selectivity in the CO2-ODH reaction, the influence of the Ga mass fraction on the catalytic performance of GaxCoZ5 was investigated. The reaction network for the oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane over GaxCoZ5 was analyzed, and its catalytic reaction mechanism was proposed. The results indicate that in the CO2-ODH reaction, Co2+ serves as the primary active component, and the introduction of Co enhances the catalytic performance. Compared with the ZSM-5 support, the ethane conversion rate of CoZ5 increases from 20% to 36%, and the ethylene yield rises from 11% to 26%. The incorporation of Ga facilitates the utilization of CO2 to eliminate coke deposition, thereby enhancing the catalyst"s stability. In comparison with CoZ5 without Ga, the overall acidity of Ga-introduced GaxCoZ5 increases, leading to a decrease in ethane conversion and ethylene yield under the same reaction conditions; however, the catalyst"s stability is improved. Ga0.26CoZ5, with a Ga mass fraction of 0.26% and a Co mass fraction of 1.03%, exhibits the best catalytic performance, maintaining an ethylene yield of 20% and a selectivity close to 100% after 340 minutes of reaction. When the Ga mass fraction ranges from 0% to 1.35%, the reaction primarily proceeds via indirect oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane. However, when the Ga mass fraction increases to 2.65%, the main reaction shifts to ethane dry reforming. The coke deposition on Ga0.26CoZ5 after the reaction is only about 1%. Ga can activate CO2, enabling its utilization in the Reverse Boudouard reaction to eliminate coke during the reaction.

Abstract:The hydrogenation of CO2 to methanol represents a significant pathway for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions and achieving carbon neutrality, wherein the design of efficient catalysts is crucial for enhancing reaction efficiency. Morphological control of catalyst supports constitutes an effective strategy for optimizing catalytic performance; however, comprehensive investigations into the influence of ZnO support morphology on CO2 hydrogenation reactions remain insufficient and warrant further exploration.Finally, Chestnut-like ZnO exposed more polar facts is used to loaded Cu and Pd-Cu to prepare Cu/ZnO and Pd-Cu/ZnO catalysts. The catalysts are characterized by complementary techniques, such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS), H2-temperature programmed reduction (H2-TPR), H2/CO2temperature programmed desorption (H2-TPD/CO2-TPD), and evaluated for CO2 hydrogenation to methanol. The results indicate that the interaction between Cu and ZnO is enhanced due to the morphology effect of chestnut-like ZnO, which improve activity in CO2 hydrogenation to methanol. After the doping of Pd, the Pd-Cu/ZnO catalyst shows the best performance with a methanol yield of 0.52 g/(gcat·h). XRD，XPS and HRTEM demonstrate the formation of PdCu alloy and a high dispersion of Cu and PdCu particles supported on chestnut-like ZnO. H2-TPD reveals the spillover of hydrogen from Pd to Cu/ZnO.

Abstract:Using graphene as a support and 2-methylimidazole as a nitrogen source, nitrogen-doped carbon (N-C) supports were synthesized via ball milling, followed by loading with nickel nanoparticles (Ni NPs) to construct nitrogen-doped Ni-based catalysts (Ni/N-C). The structural composition and microscopic morphology of Ni/N-C were characterized through SEM, TEM, XRD, XPS, Raman spectroscopy, and H?-TPR. These catalysts were employed for the hydrogenation of acetylene to produce ethylene. Further, density functional theory (DFT) calculations quantified their catalytic activity. Results indicate that nitrogen doping enhances metal-support interactions, exposing additional active sites on the catalyst surface; the Ni nanoparticles exhibited an average particle size of 10.40 nm, effectively suppressing agglomeration and leaching. Nitrogen doping not only improved the catalyst’s oxidative stability but also optimized the electronic structure of the active metal Ni. Catalytic tests demonstrated complete conversion of acetylene at 200?°C, with ethylene selectivity maintained at 95% within the 200~210?°C range, representing a 33% improvement over undoped Ni/C systems. DFT calculations confirmed that nitrogen incorporation lowered the activation energy barriers for the two-step hydrogenation of acetylene to ethylene by 1.49 eV and 1.89 eV, respectively, increasing the energy barrier difference between main and side reactions and thus favoring the formation of the desired product, ethylene.

Abstract:To explore the chemical composition and skincare activities of different tissue parts of Arundina graminifolia, this study selected the "Yue Mo No.1" Arundina graminifolia as material. Ultrasonic-assisted extraction with 80% ethanol was performed on its tissues (root, stem, leaf, flower, fruit, protocorm) and the whole plant. The contents of total flavonoids, total polyphenols, and total stilbenes in extracts from different tissues were determined. Skincare activities were evaluated based on DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging capacities, tyrosinase inhibitory activity, antibacterial effects against three acne-causing bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Cutibacterium acnes), and sunscreen performance. Results showed that root extracts exhibited significantly higher levels of total flavonoids, polyphenols, and stilbenes than other tissues. In antioxidant assays, root extracts demonstrated optimal DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities, achieving 90.88% at 0.5 mg/mL and 91.78% at 0.25 mg/mL,respectively. Tyrosinase inhibition tests revealed a remarkable inhibition rate of 97.06% for root extracts at 4 mg/mL, significantly surpassing the positive control (arbutin). Antimicrobial experiments indicated that root extracts exhibited the strongest antibacterial effects against acne-causing pathogens, with the lowest MIC and MBC values (2 mg/mL and 4 mg/mL, respectively) against S. aureus, demonstrating potent bactericidal efficacy. Sunscreen evaluation showed that root extracts achieved an SPF value of 21.51 in the UVB range and exhibited broad-spectrum UVA absorption with stable average UV absorption rates. Comprehensive skincare activity assessments revealed Arundina graminifolia"s potential for antioxidant, whitening, anti-acne, and UV-protective applications. This study provides a theoretical foundation for further development and utilization of Arundina graminifolia in food, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical industries.

Abstract:To thoroughly explore the application potential of the natural product 2,4,5-trimethoxybenzaldehyde in the field of agricultural fungicides, this study utilized 2,4,5-trimethoxybenzaldehyde, a major component of Acorus tatarinowii, as the starting material. A series of 27 chalcone derivatives containing acylpiperazine structures were designed and synthesized. The structures of these derivatives were characterized and confirmed using NMR and HRMS. The in vitro antibacterial activity of the target compounds was evaluated via turbidity method against plant pathogenic bacteria, including Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola, and Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri. The results demonstrated that the majority of the target compounds exhibited significant inhibitory activity against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. Notably, 1-(4-{2-oxo-2-[4-(thiophen-2-ylsulfonyl)piperazin-1-yl]ethoxy}phenyl)-3-(2,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one (designated as H5) displayed the most prominent antibacterial efficacy, with a half-maximal effective concentration (EC50) value of 22.50 μg/mL. This inhibitory potency was markedly superior to those of the reference agents bismerthiazol (47.78 μg/mL) and thiediazole copper (100.33 μg/mL), respectively. Furthermore, SEM and SYTO9/PI fluorescent staining further demonstrated that the target compound H5 exhibits significant bactericidal activity against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae.

Abstract:The molecular weight (Mw) of hyaluronic acid (HA) is closely related to its bioactivity, but traditional degradation methods suffer from significant loss of activity and high costs. To achieve green and efficient regulation of Mw while enhancing functional diversity, this study used high-Mw HA (~1300 kDa) as the raw material and prepared low-Mw fermented HA (FHA) through mixed fermentation with Lactobacillus fermentum and Lactobacillus acidophilus. The contents of HA, total sugar, reducing sugar, polysaccharides, and total protein in FHA were determined using the carbazole method, phenol-sulfuric acid method, DNS microplate assay, and Bradford protein assay, respectively. The molecular weight distribution of FHA was analyzed by high-performance gel filtration chromatography (HPGFC). The bioactivity of FHA was evaluated based on antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and skin barrier repair assays, while its biosafety was assessed using the chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) test. The results showed that the Mw of FHA was significantly reduced to approximately 4×105 Da, with total sugar, reducing sugar, polysaccharides, and total protein contents of 416.84, 870.79, 379.75, and 3.45 mg/g, respectively. At 200 μg/mL, FHA exhibited significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects at the cellular level: it increased catalase (CAT) activity to 11.14 units/mg protein and reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) release to 5.50 μmol/mg protein in a UV-induced oxidative stress model, while significantly suppressing the secretion of inflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8). FHA at 200 and 400 μg/mL effectively mitigated the degradation of COL-I and Claudin-1 proteins in UV-damaged cells. Furthermore, 5 mg/mL FHA showed no irritation in the CAM test, confirming its safety and suitability for topical cosmetic applications.

Abstract:The globulins with varying β-conglycinin (7S)/glycinin (11S) ratios as emulsifiers, tartaric acid (TA) was added to the 7S/11S globulins. The solution was then dialyzed and freeze-dried to prepare 7S/11S globulins and their resulting emulsions. The physicochemical properties, emulsifying characteristics, and microstructure of the emulsions were characterized by employing physicochemical analysis, electrophoresis and spectrophotometric techniques. The effects of TA treatment on the emulsifying properties and emulsion stability of 7S/11S globulins with varying ratios (includes 4:0, 3:1, 2:2, 1:3, and 0:4) were investigated. The results showed that TA significantly improved the solubility, surface hydrophobicity, and flexibility of the 7S/11S globulins, promoting disulfide bond formation and structural unfolding, thereby enhancing oil-water interfacial adsorption capacity. As a result, the emulsifying properties of the 7S/11S globulin complexes were significantly enhanced, leading to the formation of stable and structurally uniform. The emulsification performance of 7S was significantly higher than that of 11S, and according this performance decreased as the 7S/11S ratio decreased. The synergistic effect of TA enhancement and the 7S/11S ratio jointly dominated the emulsification properties of the globulins.

Abstract:In order to enhance the specific surface area of raw sludge-derived biochar and its adsorption ccapacity for ofloxacin (OFL) in aqueous solutions, a series of modified sludge-derived biochars (KBC) were prepared from municipal sludge as the carbon matrix through KCl-assisted pyrolysis combined with acid washing, and characterized by SEM, BET, FTIR, and XPS for analyses on their microstructural and physicochemical properties. The effects of acid washing method, adsorbent dosage, initial pH, temperature, and coexisting anions on OFL adsorption were evaluated, with the underlying mechanisms of the adsorption process elucidated. The results showed that biochar modified with 1 mol/L HCl (1M-KBC) exhibited the most effective mineral removal and pore structure development, yielding a high specific surface area of 163 m2/g and abundant oxygen-containing functional groups, which contributed to its superior OFL adsorption performance. Under optimized conditions of 30°C, neutral pH, and an adsorbent dosage of 0.6 g/L, the adsorption capacity of 1M-KBC for OFL reached 26.96 mg/g. The adsorption process of 1M-KBC for OFL was a spontaneous and endothermic process, which conformed to the Freundlich isotherm model and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Hydrogen bonding, π–π interactions, electrostatic interactions and pore filling were involved in the adsorption of OFL by 1M-KBC. 1M-KBC exhibited good regeneration ability, with the OFL removal rate decreasing by approximately 15% after five consecutive adsorption-desorption cycles.

Abstract:Porous fractal HKUST-1 was synthesized at low temperature (50°C) using copper nitrate trihydrate and trimellitic acid as raw materials via a methanol mixed solvent-assisted method. The microstructure of fractal HKUST-1 was characterized by XRD, SEM, XPS, FTIR, and BET analysis. The microstructure and composition of fractal HKUST-1 were characterized by XRD, SEM, XPS, FTIR, and BET analysis. Fractal HKUST-1-activated potassium persulfate (PMS) was employed for Rhodamine B (RhB) degradation. The effects of different PMS loading levels (mass of catalyst per liter of RhB solution), PMS loading (moles of PMS per liter of RhB solution), pH, and common anions in water. Key active species during the reaction were identified, and a reaction mechanism was proposed. Results indicate: Fractal HKUST-1 exhibits a layered partitioned structure, forming abundant pores with a specific surface area of 793 m2/g and an average pore diameter of 1.44 nm. At a fractal HKUST-1 dosage of 40 mg/L, PMS dosage of 25 mmol/L, and pH=5.0, the reaction system achieved a 98% degradation rate for 100 mL of 10 mg/L RhB within 30 minutes. High concentrations (70 mmol/L) of CO32? significantly inhibited RhB degradation in the reaction system. After five catalyst cycles, the RhB degradation rate in the fractal HKUST-1/PMS system remained stable. while SO42-, NO3-, and Cl- showed no significant inhibition. After five recycling cycles, the catalyst maintained a degradation rate of over 86% for Rhodamine B, demonstrating excellent stability. Furthermore, radical scavenging experiments and EPR results indicate that the primary active species in the reaction system are sulfate radicals (·SO4?) and hydroxyl radicals (·OH).

Abstract:The whole ginger rod-based adhesive was prepared with ginger stalk as raw material. Firstly, through the pretreatment of guaiacol under acidic conditions, the in-situ phenolic modification of lignin was realized while the main components of ginger stem were separated, so that a large number of phenolic hydroxyl groups were grafted into the molecular structure of lignin, which greatly improved the chemical reactivity of lignin. The whole ginger rod-based adhesive was prepared without solid-liquid separation using the residual solid of pretreated cellulose and the extract of degraded lignin and hemicellulose products as raw materials, and compared with the ginger rod lignin-based adhesive prepared by the extract after solid-liquid separation to remove the cellulose solid. Studies have shown that both adhesives have shown good performance indicators. It can be seen from TG that the whole ginger rod-based adhesive exhibits better thermal stability. The whole straw-based particleboard was prepared by using the above two adhesives. The effects of the two adhesives on the properties of wood-based panels were investigated by testing the static bending strength ( MOR ), internal bonding strength ( IB ) and thickness swelling rate ( 24h TS ) of particleboard. Compared with the particleboard prepared by the ginger stalk lignin adhesive, the particleboard prepared by the whole ginger stalk-based adhesive showed higher static bending strength (21.26 MPa) and internal bonding strength ( 0.42 MPa > 0.40 MPa ), and lower water absorption expansion rate (16.74 %). The whole ginger rod-based adhesive prepared in this study has a simple process and realizes the full component utilization of straw.

Abstract:A solid acid catalyst (SACR) was prepared from waste catalyst of heavy oil catalytic cracking via acid impregnation, and applied to catalyze the esterification of turpentine with anhydrous oxalic acid. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was employed to investigate main and side reaction pathways. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the esterification process and synthetic borneol was ultimately synthesized via saponification. The results indicated that the catalytic esterification of turpentine proceeds follow a carbocation mechanism, with the predominant reaction involving the protonation of α-pinene followed by esterification with oxalic acid, accompanied by concurrent side reactions such as isomerization-esterification, isomerization, and dehydrogenation; the main products were bornyl esters, including dibornyl oxalate, bornyl fenchyl oxalate, bornyl isobornyl oxalate and bornyl formate. The isomeric byproducts mainly included monoterpenes. The optimal esterification conditions were determined to be a reaction temperature of 97.5 ℃, a reaction time of 5.2 h, and n (oxalic acid): n (α-pinene) =0.51, under which the α-pinene conversion rate reached 99.54%, and the yield of oxalate-bornyl ester was 48.41%. After saponification, the synthesized borneol contained 85.22% borneol, meeting the standards of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia.