Cellulose acetate nanofiber membrane was fabricated by electrospinning technology, which was hydrolyzed to synthesize cellulose nanofiber membrane by lithium hydroxide. The as-obtained cellulose nanofiber membrane was modified to prepare the amphoteric cellulose nanofiber membrane by 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl trimethylammonium chloride and monochloroacetic acid. The UV spectrophotometer was utilized to evaluate the adsorption properties of alizarin green (AG25) and methylene blue (MB) on amphoteric cellulose nanofiber membrane and the effect of pH value, temperature and initial concentration of dye on adsorption was studied. The results presented that after modification, the adsorption properties of the amphoteric cellulose nanofiber membrane to AG25 and MB dyes were greatly improved. Especially, the maximum adsorption capacity reached 240 mg/g and 128 mg/g, respectively, and adsorption efficiency still maintain 84 % for the two dyes in the fourth cycle. Meanwhile, it was found that the pH value was the most critical factor affecting the dye adsorption property of the amphoteric cellulose nanofiber membrane. Before adsorption unsaturation of the amphoteric cellulose nanofiber membrane, the dye adsorption amount increased with the increased of the dye concentration and the adsorption effect had no dependence on temperature.