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以实际刊发为准
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LI Yong-sheng, HUANG Cong-shu, FU Wan-lu, YAO Hong-rui, WANG Na
2023,40(6), DOI:
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The marine environment (sea water, marine atmosphere, and sea mud) is a naturally corrosive environment with extremely harsh conditions. Steel structures, such as shipping and offshore engineering, which have been used in the marine environment for a long time, are prone to corrosion. Organic corrosion inhibitors have the advantages of excellent design ability of molecular structure, high corrosion inhibition efficiency, and long actuation duration, which can effectively prevent or slow down the corrosion of metals. Therefore, adding an organic corrosion inhibitor to marine anti-corrosion coatings is an effective strategy to improve corrosion resistance. Based on the latest research status at home and abroad, this review summarized the characteristics of organic small molecule corrosion inhibitors and polymer corrosion inhibitors and their applications in marine anti-corrosion coatings, including the molecular structure and performance influencing factors of various organic corrosion inhibitors, analyzing the characteristics and mechanism of organic corrosion inhibitors, and discussing the application of organic corrosion inhibitors in anti-corrosion coatings by different fortification technology. Finally, the future development of organic corrosion inhibitors is prospective.
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ZHOU Tian-hong, ZHAI Tian-jiao, WANG Jin-yi, SHEN Hui-dong, MA Kai, ZHANG Hong-wei
2023,40(6), DOI:
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Photocatalysis can generate free radicals to degrade and mineralize organic pollutants by absorbing solar energy, which has the advantages of green, energy saving, and pollution-free. Photocatalysis is considered to be the most promising advanced oxidation technology. The current research focuses on improving the degradation efficiency of photocatalytic technology. The use of external field-assisted methods, such as electric field and ultrasonic field, can further improve the photocatalytic efficiency by improving the mass transfer efficiency of the solution, suppressing the carrier recombination, and improving the free radical yield. The research progress and application status of the five external fields assisted in photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants are reviewed, including electric field, thermal field, microwave field, ultrasonic field and magnetic field. The main mechanism of external field to improve photocatalytic degradation efficiency is highlighted. The advantages and disadvantages are summarized, and the problems faced in practical applications are presented. The future research and development directions are prospected.
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ZHONG Wan-zhen, SHAN Bin, TAN Wei-qiang, LUO Si-yi
2023,40(6), DOI:
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In recent years, the environmental problems caused by microplastics (MPs) as new pollutants have received widespread attention. And the aqueous environment, which is the main pool of microplastics, has become a hot research area for its management. Due to their stability, ease of migration, and toxic effects caused by adsorption of other pollutants, etc., conventional water treatment technologies are not able to remove them efficiently and completely. However, photocatalysis can convert MPs to water-soluble hydrocarbons and CO2 at laboratory scale, showing great potential for complete degradation of MPs. This paper reviews the mechanism of MPs removal by photocatalysis and the main factors affecting catalysis to provide a reliable basis for the study of MPs removal in the aqueous environment. At the same time, it prospects the development trend of photocatalytic degradation of MPs and catalysts in complex aqueous environment.
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Li Ji-yan, Xing Guo-yu, Jing yan-ju, Liu Mei-chen, Sun Han-xue
2023,40(6), DOI:
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Solar-driven atmospheric water harvesting (SAWH), inspired by solar interface evaporation and passive radiation cooling, produces freshwater in a green and sustainable manner. It has the advantages of being free from geographical constraints and has great potential in solving the crisis of freshwater resources. In recent years, in order to better realize the application of SAWH, researchers have continuously optimized the moisture absorption materials, the core component of solar-driven atmospheric water harvesting technology, and developed a variety of moisture absorption materials such as moisture absorption salts, zeolites, silica gel, and MOFs. At the same time, new progress has been made in the design and improvement of water gathering devices. In this paper, SAWH is comprehensively reviewed, and different moisture absorption materials suitable for solar-driven atmospheric water harvesting are combed, and the properties of the materials are compared. Different solar-driven atmospheric water gathering systems are analyzed, and the potential applications of water gathering systems under different climatic conditions are discussed. The development direction of this technology is prospected, which provides theoretical guidance and technical support for the application and promotion of SAWH.
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2023,40(6), DOI:
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In recent years, indoor air pollution has gradually aroused people's wide concern, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are the main source of this problem. Photocatalytic coating, as a novel VOCs purification technique, could degrade VOCs into water and CO2 under sunlight spontaneously, which is efficient and energy-saving, and will not produce secondary pollution. So it has attracted extensive attention and in-depth research by researchers so far. Based on the present status quo, this paper introduces systematically the preparation methods of photocatalytic coating and influence factors on the photocatalytic capacity and stability of coating for indoor VOCs purification. Then, different photocatalytic coatings are presented and analyzed according to available literatures. In the end, future developments and researches about photocatalytic coating are summarized and proposed.
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HAN Huimin, YUAN Jingke, HE Bai, SONG Ci, JIANG Songshan, YU Bo, CHEN Shuangkou
2023,40(6), DOI:
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Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) materials are widely used in various research fields due to their large specific surface area, high porosity, easy adjustment of pores and easy functionalization. However, the chemical stability and hydrothermal stability of most MOFs are poor, which greatly limits the application of MOFs. Zirconium-based MOFs material UiO-66 has attracted much attention due to its skeleton collapse temperature higher than 500 ℃, withstands 1.0 MPa mechanical pressure and has ultra-high stability. This paper systematically introduces the research progress of various synthesis methods of UiO-66, and it is believed that the dry gel conversion method has the advantages of high product yield, small reaction volume and continuous production. The effects of organic ligands, metal nodes and doping on the structure of UiO-66 were introduced in detail. The research results show that the modification of UiO-66 structure can further improve its performance. The application of UiO-66 in catalysis, gas storage and separation is summarized. The future development direction of UiO-66 is also prospected.
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ZHANG Jianghua, LI Zixuan, GE Yanyan, TANG Jingjing, ZHOU Zhuang, SUN Lele, ZHANG Hua-wei, ZHOU Dayong
2023,40(6), DOI:
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Sulfonic acid functionalized phosphomolybdic acid incorporated-UiO-66 (HPMo@UiO-66-SO3H) was prepared by an in-situ graft copolymerization method using zirconium (Ⅳ) chloride, phosphomolybdic acid hydrate, 1,2,4,5-benzenetetracarboxylic acid and (3-mercaptopropyl) trimethoxysilane as raw materials, and characterized by XRD, FTIR, SEM, EDS, XPS, N2 adsorption-desorption and TG-DTG. HPMo@UiO-66-SO3H was used to prepare medium-chain structured phospholipids enriched in caprylic acids and capric acids through transesterification between soybean lecithins and medium-chain fatty acids (caprylic acids and capric acids), and the reaction conditions were optimized by orthogonal experiment method. Moreover, the reactivity of HPMo@UiO-66-SO3H was compared with HPMo, UiO-66, HPMo@UiO-66 and UiO-66-SO3H materials, and the recycling of HPMo@UiO-66-SO3H was researched as well. As a result, it was certified that HPMo@UiO-66-SO3H exhibited a mesoporous structure possessing numerous HPMo and sulfonic acid active components, and a promising reactivity for the synthesis of medium-chain structured phospholipids due to the synergistic effect of the two components. The incorporation of medium-chain fatty acids in product reached as high as 94.31percent with 44.21 percent of caprylic acid and 50.10 percent of capric acid at 50 ℃ within 4 h when the HPMo@UiO-66-SO3H dosage was 5 percent of the total mass of soybean lecithins, caprylic acids and capric acids, and the m(soybean lecithins)∶m(caprylic acids)∶m(capric acids) was 1∶10∶10. Noticeably, HPMo@UiO-66-SO3H could be recycled 5 times with no obvious deactivation. A probable reaction mechanism of medium-chain structured phospholipid synthesis using HPMo@UiO-66-SO3H responsible for the process is presented.
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YANG Huan, LI Jia-xin, GU Shui-dan, LUO Li-jie, CHEN Yongjun
2023,40(6), DOI:
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Using nanomaterials as delivery vehicles of chemotherapeutic drugs enable to reduce their side effects. In this work, BCNNTs were prepared via an improved solid-state reaction method, which were then functionalized by folate (FA) to load doxorubicin (DOX), thereby building a targeted drug delivery system of FA-BCNNTs-DOX. FTIR and UV-Vis analysis results revealed the loading of DOX on FA-BCNNTs, accompanied with the capacity of 87.11 μg/mg. In vitro cytotoxicity test indicated that the antitumor activity of FA-BCNNTs-DOX is significantly higher than those of free DOX and BCNNTs-DOX. Furthermore, FA-BCNNTs-DOX and BCNNTs-DOX were found to possess pH-responsive release characteristic, which helps to improve the bioavailability of DOX and reduce the damage to healthy cells. In addition, cellular uptake research indicated that FA-BCNNTs-DOX entered cancer cells through folate receptor-mediated endocytosis, which greatly enhanced the drug delivery efficiency.
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SHANG Xiao-yu, XUE Yu, LI Kun-tian, TAN Yan-yan, TAN Fang, ZHANG Dao-hai
2023,40(6), DOI:
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Using vermiculite (VMT) as filler and biodegradable polyterephthalate-butanediol ester (PBAT) as matrix, vermiculite/polyterephthalate-butanediol ester (VMT/PBAT) composite films were prepared by melt-blow molding method. VMT/PBAT/SMA composite films were prepared by adding polystyrene maleic anhydride copolymer (SMA) as compatibilizer. The thermal properties, rheological properties, water vapor barrier properties, micro-structure and mechanical properties of pure PBAT films, VMT/PBAT and VMT/PBAT/SMA composite films were tested. The results show that, compared with pure PBAT films, vermiculite filling reduces the thermal stability of VMT/PBAT composite films, and the addition of SMA compatibilizing agent enhances the thermal stability of VMT/PBAT/SMA composite films. The addition of vermiculite reduces the crystallinity of the composite film by about 2%. The water vapor permeability test shows that the water vapor barrier performance of the two composite films conforms to the national standard. The addition of VMT reduced the tensile strength and elongation at break of VMT/PBAT composite film, while the addition of compatibilizer SMA increased the tensile strength and elongation at break of VMT/PBAT composite film by about 10% compared with that of VMT/PBAT composite film.
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CAI Hua-juan, Gen Kai, WANG Chen-yi, LI Jian, REN Qiang
2023,40(6), DOI:
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A new aromatic diamine monomer which contains phenolphthalein structure, isopropyl and methyl groups was prepared by thymolphthalein and 4-fluoronitrobenzene through aromatic nucleophilic substitution and oxidation-reduction reaction. Furthermore, a series of high soluble polyimides (PI-1, PI-2 and PI-3) were prepared through one step high temperature condensation polymerization with the new diamine monomer and three commoditized aromatic dianhydrides (4,4’-oxydiphthalic anhydride, 4,4’-arbonyldiphthalic anhydride and 4,4’-biphthalic anhydride). The obtained polyimides were not only dissolved in high boiling point solvents, such as NMP、 DMAc、DMF and DMSO at room temperature, but also could dissolve in low boiling point solvents, such as CHCl3, CH2Cl2 and THF. The polyimides could be easily prepared for film materials by solution casting method. The prepared polyimide films have better optical transparency. Their cut-off wavelengths were between 324 nm to 365 nm, and their transmittance at the wavelength of 450 nm was in the range of 56%~78%. Their glass transition temperatures were between 265 ℃ and 288 ℃, and their temperatures of 10% weight loss were both beyond 430 ℃ in N2 and O2. Meanwhile, these polyimides exhibited good mechanical and dielectric properties. Their tensile strength and elongation at break ranged from 77 MPa to 95 MPa and 9.1% to 13%, and their dielectric constants were in the range of 2.79~3.01 at 1MHz.
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SU Peng, YUAN Xiaohui, YAN Jiaying, ZHENG Kaibo, WANG Long, ZHANG Nuonuo
2023,40(6), DOI:
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Meso-unsubstituted and methyl group substituted BODIPYs and their ligands have been obtained with indole derivatives and 1, 8-naphthalenimide by condensation and coordination reactions. Structures were characterized by NMR, HRMS, single crystal and electronic spectra. The results indicated that the solid emission spectra red-shifted 34 nm by the introduction of methyl group at meso-position. BODIPYs show high intensity fluorescence in dual state (solution and solid state). The liquid and solid fluorescence quantum yields of Ⅳ are as high as 66% and 76.3% respectively. Its solid fluorescence quantum yield is 4.2 times higher than that of Ⅱ (14.6%). The excellent optical properties of Ⅳ can be attributed to the absence of C—H…π interaction and different “head to tail” π-π stacking between layers. Excellent dual state emission luminogens glowing at red region have been obtained by the introduction of methyl group, which is different from other strategies and enriches the types of dual state organic luminescent materials.
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MENG Liang-chen, YAN Ting, WANG Kai, TANG Xin, PAN Wei-guo
2023,40(6), DOI:
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With the emphasis on environmental protection, the development and utilization of solar energy has become the focus of current research, and the development of latent heat storage technology based on phase change materials (PCM) is one of the important measures to improve the development and utilization of solar energy. In this paper, MXene composites (PA/MXene) were prepared by melt blending method using two-dimensional transition metal carbide and/or carbon nitride (MXene) as the support skeleton and palmitic acid (PA) as the phase change material, and the composites with different Mxene additions were structurally characterized and thermally characterized. Compared with pure palmitic acid, the light absorption range of PA/MXene-20% [MXene mass fraction of 20% (based on the mass of PA/MXene composite)] is increased from 200-263.2 nm to 200-679.3 nm, the degradation temperature is increased by 13%, the thermal conductivity can be increased to 200%, and the photothermal conversion efficiency reaches 84.5%, which can realize integrated application of solar photothermal conversion and thermal energy storage.
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YAN Yi-xin, LIANG Xiaohong, JIA Lan, YU Wen-wen, WEI Ai-li, ZHANG Heng
2023,40(6), DOI:
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Castor oil (CO) was introduced as a cross-linking agent into a water-based polyurethane (WPU) capped with pentaerythritol triacrylate (PETA), and the double bonds were cross-linked by ultraviolet light to construct a dual cross-linking system. CWPU coatings with different CO contents were prepared, and the effects of CO content on various properties of CWPU coatings were explored. The test results show that when the CO content is 4 %, the 24 h water absorption of the film is 4.5 %, the surface hardness is 2 H, and the adhesion to the Q235 steel plate substrate is 0. Subsequently, the anti-corrosion performance was tested and analyzed by polarization curve test and impedance spectrum test. The results showed that the protection efficiency of the CWPU coating with 4 % CO content on the Q235 steel plate substrate could reach 99.05 %.
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HUANG Rui, LI Xiao-quan, BIAN Fu-ping, ZHANG Heng-tong, LIN Shu-dong
2023,40(6), DOI:
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CNF-PPG nanoparticles were prepared by functionalized cellulose nanofibers (CNF) with γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (KH550) as a modifier and using polypropylene glycol (PPG) to coat the modified CNF. CNF-PPG were added as fillers to a polylactic acid (PLA)/poly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) polymer matrix and PLA/PBAT/CNF-PPG composite films were prepared using the solution casting method. The films were characterized by FTIR, XPS, SEM, DSC and TG, and the effects of the ratio of PLA to PBAT and the addition of CNF-PPG nano-fillers on the mechanical strength, thermal stability and barrier properties of the films were investigated. The results showed that the PLA/PBAT films had higher toughness and thermal stability than the pure PLA films. When m(PLA):m(PBAT)=90:10, the tensile strength of the composite films reached 33.38 MPa and the elongation at break was 39.97% with the addition of 10% (based on the mass of PLA/PBAT, as below) of CNF-PPG nano-fillers. Compared with pure PLA, the final degradation temperature of the composite film was increased from 394 ℃ to 435 ℃; the water vapor and oxygen permeability coefficients were 4.98×10-14 g·cm/cm2·s·Pa and 8.86×10?14 cm3·cm/cm2·s·Pa, which were reduced by 33.6% and 23.5% compared with pure PLA, respectively.
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LV Qishen, LI Weile, TANG Xing, SUN Yong, ZENG Xianhai, LIN Lu
2023,40(6), DOI:
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Abstract: A Ni-Al composite catalyst was synthesized using the urea hydrolysis method, first used in levuliniv acid (LA) hydrogenation reactions. This catalyst is known to efficiently catalyze the hydrogenation reaction of LA to GVL in a 1,4-dioxane system under mild conditions and obtain γ-Valerolactone (GVL), a biomass based platform compound with broad application prospects . XRD, H2-TPR, SEM, XPS and some other method had been used for catalysts characterization and results show high activity of the Ni/Al2O3 catalyst was primarily a cause of the Ni0 metal sites and the interaction between Ni and Al2O3. Different ratios of Ni/Al directly affected the size and distribution of metallic Ni particles. Ratios of Ni/Al content that were either too high or too low brought about reductions in catalytic activity. When the ratio was 2, and with the reaction conducted at 140℃ and 3 MPa H2 for 2 hours, the hydrogenation of LA achieved a 100% yield of GVL.
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SONG Lin, ZHANG Wei, JING Yong-kang, SUI Cheng-bo
2023,40(6), DOI:
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In this study, euglena protein solution was used as raw material, and euglena protein was extracted by foam separation method. With the recovery and enrichment ratio as indexes, the effects of pH, liquid volume, temperature and dilution ratio on the recovery and enrichment ratio of euglena protein were investigated by single factor and response surface design. At the same time, the functional characteristics of euglena protein were studied, and the structure of the protein was analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and dual-beam ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer. The secondary structure of the protein was identified by Peakfit Version software, and the amino acid composition of euglena protein was determined by amino acid analyzer. The results showed that the optimum conditions for foam separation of Euglena protein were as follows: pH5.5, liquid volume 300 mL, temperature 30 ℃, and 15 times of dilution. Under these conditions, the protein recovery rate was 94.27% and the enrichment ratio was 4.18. The maximum water holding capacity of protein was 7.27 g/g at 60 ℃, and the maximum oil holding capacity was 14.74 g/g at 40 ℃. The emulsifying ability, emulsifying stability, foaming property and foam stability of euglena protein increased at first and then decreased with the increase of mass fraction.. FT-IR and UV showed that euglena sp. protein had a typical protein peak, and its secondary structure indicated that euglena sp. protein was mainly β-folded. The contents of essential amino acids and hydrophobic amino acids in protein are 35.28% and 50.81%. The results provide experimental basis for the study of euglena protein.
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CHENG Yun, DING Junjie, JI Hongbing, CHAI Kungang
2023,40(6), DOI:
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The mixture of acetophenone (AP) and 1-phenylethanol (PE), usually produced in petrochemical and biochemical processes, are difficult to be separated by the traditional distillation, crystallization, etc. It is of great significance to separate AP and PE by physical adsorption. A kind of b-cyclodextrin-cellulose based hypercrosslinked microspheres (HCCM) was prepared and used to adsorb and separate AP/PE. The structure of HCCM was characterized by FT-IR, N2 adsorption desorption, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The results showed that HCCM was a biomass based polymer microsphere with hierarchically porous structure formed by interweaving a large number of sugar units and phenyl rich units. The performance of HCCM for the adsorption and separation of AP/PE was studied. It was found that the equilibrium could be reached quickly, and the adsorption capacity of AP was higher than that of PE. Furthermore, PE, broke through much earlier than AP, with a long breakthrough interval and a high separation factor, which indicate that HCCM can separate AP and PE effectively. The recycling experiment proved that the material possessed excellent reusability.
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LI Xin-yan, ZHANG Xiao-yu, ZHAO Qiao-yue, CUI Bing, LAI Hong-tao, SHAO Zhi-hui, ZHAO Ming-qin
2023,40(6), DOI:
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In order to develop carbonyl furan flavor precursors, 2-acetylpyridine, 2-acetylthiophene and furfuryl alcohol were used as raw materials to synthesize 1-(furan-2-yl)-1-(Pyridin-2-yl) propan-1-one (Ⅲa) and 1-(furan-2-yl)-1-(thiophen-2-yl) propan-1-one (Ⅲb) in one step via dehydrogenative coupling reaction using iprPNP pincer manganese catalyst. The structure of the compounds Ⅲa and Ⅲb was characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR and HRMS, and its thermal properties were identified. The results showed that the target compound Ⅲa began to degrade from 99.9 °C, the main weightlessness interval was 99.9-875 °C, and the weightlessness rate was the largest at 259 °C, with a total weightlessness of 97.31%. The target compound Ⅲb began to degrade from 116.2 °C, the main weightlessness interval was 116.2~875 °C, and the maximum weightlessness rate at 274 °C was 98.41%. Under the aerobic cracking atmosphere of 300~900 °C, a total of 9 volatile products were identified after the cracking of the target compound Ⅲa, mainly including alkyl furans, alkyl pyridines, 2-acetylpyridine and other characteristic fragrance substances; After the cracking of the target compound Ⅲb, a total of 13 volatile products were identified, mainly including alkyl furans, alkyl thiophenes, 2-acetylfurans and other characteristic fragrance substances. According to the changes in the types and relative contents of the main cleavage products, the cracking mechanism was preliminarily revealed. The most suitable addition amount of target compound Ⅲb in a single cigarette is 3mg/kg through the evaluation of incense effect.
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JIM Meng, Shi Dier, RU Qi, WU Xiaoqin, SHEN Jianfu
2023,40(6), DOI:
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By comparing the different Camellia oleifera extracts from by-products of the tyrosinase activity inhibition in vitro, and select the best inhibiting effect of Camellia oleifera flowers extract, and using the kojic acid as the positive control, using human A375 melanoma cells in vitro culture model and zebrafish embryo model to explore its influence of tyrosinase activity and melanin synthesis in vivo and in vitro. The results showed that Camellia oleifera flowers extract, Camellia oleifera leaves extract, Camellia oleifera shell extract and Camellia oleifera meal extract showed good inhibitory effects on tyrosinase activity, and Camellia oleifera flowers extract had the best inhibitory effect with an IC50 of 0.49 mg/mL. Compared with kojic acid, Camellia oleifera flowers extract showed significant inhibition of intracellular tyrosinase activity and melanin synthesis (P <0.01). When the concentration was 160 μg/mL, the inhibition rate of intracellular tyrosinase activity reached 34.30%, and the relative melanin content decreased by 26.41%. When the exposure concentration of Camellia oleifera flowers extract was 100μg/mL, the inhibition rate of tyrosinase in zebrafish reached 32.47%, and the relative melanin content was reduced to 64.39%. The effect was similar to kojic acid. Camellia oleifera flowers extract showed good tyrosinase inhibition in vitro and in vivo, and significantly inhibited melanin production in cells and zebrafish, with high safety. It is a potential whitening functional component, and has a high application prospect in the field of daily cosmetics.
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HONG Hua-jie, CHEN Yu-tong, CAI Xiao-lan, TAN Wei, FANG Yan-xiong
2023,40(6), DOI:
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In order to find a solid base catalyst that can be used for the continuous production of oligoglycerol, Na+, K+, Ca2+, Sr2+, and Ba2+ were doped into ZrO2 by co-precipitation method to obtain Na/ZrO2, K/ZrO2, Ca/ZrO2, Sr/ZrO2, Ba/ZrO2, respectively, and the prepared catalyst was used to synthesize oligoglycerol. XRD, Raman, CO2-TPD and other methods were used to study the effects of doping different metal ions on the structure and surface alkalinity of the catalyst. GC, ICP and other methods were used to study the activity and stability of catalysts. The results showed that Na/ZrO2, K/ZrO2 were monoclinic phases, Ba/ZrO2 were tetragonal phases, Ca/ZrO2 and Sr/ZrO2 were cubic phases, and each catalyst showed different basic sites. Among the five catalysts, Ca/ZrO2 showed the best stability, Ca2+ leaching was 0.003%, and after halving the catalyst dosage and cycling for 4 times, the glycerol conversion rate remained above 22% and the catalyst recovery rate was above 95%. Under the conditions of Ca/ZrO2 dosage of 1 g, glycerol dosage of 100 g, reaction temperature of 270 °C, reaction temperature of 24 h, the yield of oligoglycerol was 73.05%, and the selectivity was 100%.
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SHEN Haili, XIA Qiang, LIAO Xiaogang, LI Gang, TIAN Tian, LI Hongmei
2023,40(6), DOI:
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Using Na2S2O3 as sulfur source, a series of sulfur-modified porous Co3O4 catalysts with different sulfur contents were prepared by an improved oxalate-pyrolysis method (Sx@Co3O4, x=0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1, where x represented the added ratio of sulfur and was calculated by the amount of Co(NO3)2?6H2O). Their properties for activating peroxymonosulfate (PMS) to degrade methylene blue (MB) were compared and the catalyst with the best catalytic performance was screened out. On this basis, the influences of treatment parameters including catalyst dosage, PMS concentration, reaction temperature and common anion species on MB degradation ratios under Sx@Co3O4-PMS system were investigated. Besides, the cyclic stability of catalyst was evaluated. Results showed that the performance of Co3O4 was boosted with the increase of sulfur content in the range of this study, and S1@Co3O4 exhibited the best catalytic performance. Moreover, it was confirmed that sulfur element was uniformly bonded on the surface of Co3O4 in the form of SO42-. The modification of S increased the specific surface area, oxygen vacancy content of Co3O4 and enhanced the polarization effect for HSO5-, which was considered as a key reason for improving the catalytic activity of Co3O4. Under the optimal reaction conditions: catalyst dosage of 0.04 g/L, PMS concentration of 0.6 mmol/L, reaction temperature of 25 ℃, and reaction time of 25 min, a degradation rate of 98.35% for MB (500 mL 10 mg/L) could be reached in the S1@Co3O4-PMS advanced oxidation system. S1@Co3O4 was recycled in a simple way and the degradation ratio of MB could reach 68.57% after four consecutive cycles. Furthermore, electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy (EPR) confirmed that the degradation of MB in S1@Co3O4-PMS system was the result of co-action of free radicals (?SO4-, ?OH and ?O2-) and non-free radicals (1O2).
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ZHOU Jing-heng, LIN Jian, YAND Dang-sha, YUE Zhen-qing, ZHU Yan-yan, WANG Xin-long
2023,40(6), DOI:
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The HKUST-1@APP was prepared by loading HKUST-1〔Cu3(BTC)2, BTC means trimesic acid〕on the surface of ammonium polyphosphate (APP) via solvothermal method. The flame-retardant composites (HKUST-1@APP/EP) were prepared by mixing different amounts of HKUST-1@APP with epoxy resin (EP). The flame retardant and mechanical properties of EP composites were investigated by horizontal and vertical combustion tester,, oxygen index tester, electronic tensile machine, et al. The results showed that while adding 5% of HKUST-1@APP, the limiting oxygen index of EAC-5 was 27.5%, and the vertical combustion test (UL-94) passed the V-1 level. The AD/AG(the peak area ratio of D and G peaks formed by the vibration of carbon atoms in amorphous carbon and SP2 hybrid carbon atoms in graphite carbon in Raman spectrum)of the residual char was reduced to 0.043 compared to 0.3161 of EA-5 which was added 5% APP. It indicated that HKUST-1@APP could improve the char layer produced during combustion and make the char layer more continuous and graphitized.
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GU jin-jun, WEI chun-yan, GUO Zi-yang, YIN Jie-yao, BAI jin, ZHAO hang-hui-yan
2023,40(6), DOI:
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In order to improve the flame retardant properties of polyester and solve the phenomenon of droplets of polyester fabrics, the coating liquid was prepared by blending graphene microcapsules with sodium alginate, and the coating polyester fabric was prepared by dip rolling method. The flame retardant properties, mechanical properties and thermal properties of the coated polyester fabric were examined, and the results showed that the limit oxygen index of the polyester fabric after the 25g/L sodium alginate and 1g graphene microcapsule flame retardant coating was increased from 19.7% to 28.34%, reaching the standard of flame retardant fabric. The finished polyester fabric reaches the V-0 standard, and the phenomenon of droplets of polyester disappears. The breaking strength of the fabric was reduced from 135.21N to 106.77N. Before and after the coating treatment, the temperature at which the fabric reaches the maximum thermal decomposition rate does not change significantly, the residual carbon rate increases from 12.07% to 26.98%, and the maximum mass loss rate decreases from 1.79%/°C to 0.96%/°C. At the same time, the enthalpy value of the polyester fabric before and after finishing increased from 58.4J/g to 68.4J/g. The thermal conductivity of the fabric was increased from 0.587 W/cm.°C× 10-4 to 0.842W/cm.°C×10-4, and the thermal properties were fully improved. The residual carbon formed after the fabric is burned from none to continuous and dense.
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QUAN Hongping, SHEN Peng, ZHANG Lei, LI Bing
2023,40(6), DOI:
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In order to optimize the non-homogeneity of the reservoir to improve the effectiveness of acidizing operations, a self-assembled acidizing steering polymer named AHD, was synthesized in this study. Acrylamide (AM), sulfonate monomer (HSY) and octadecyl dimethyl allyl ammonium chloride (DMAAC-18) were used as functional monomers to obtain polymer AHD, which was characterized by FTIR and GPC. AHD could form steering acid system with trimethylstearylammonium chloride（STAC） by self-assembly. The viscosity of this system could increase from 3 mPa·s to 288 mPa·s without crosslinking agent when the addition of AHD and STAC was 1.0 % and 0.2 % (based on the total mass of HCl solution) at 90 ℃. Fresh acid was easier to introduce into the formatio because it had a lower viscosity than the non-crosslinked polymer steering acid’s viscosity. With 1.0 % oil addition, the viscosity of the spent acid after gel breaking was less than 10 mPas, maintaining the benefit of viscoelastic surfactant steering acid could gel break automatically in the situation of oil for backflow. According to the mechanism of the TEM and DLS investigations, Ca2+ encouraged the development of bigger aggregates in the surfactant-polymer self-assembly system, which allowed the steering acid to be diverted.
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2023,40(6), DOI:
Abstract:
Abstract: α-zirconium phosphate (α-ZrP) as synergist was combined with piperazine-modified ammonium polyphosphate (Pa-APP)/pentaerythritol (PER) intumescent flame retardants to overcome the flammability and melt dropping issues of polyacrylate. The optimal addition ratio was explored through orthogonal experiments. The results show that Pa-APP/PER/α-ZrP has a prominent synergistic flame retardant effect with 25% total addition, Pa-APP:PER=9:2 and 2% α-ZrP, the maximal LOI of polyacrylate composite reached 30.4%, UL-94 achieved V-1, and the peak heat release rate (PHRR) and total heat release (THR) reduced by 75.9% and 39.4%, respectively. In addition, the morphology and composition of carbon residue were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) and fourier transform infrared spectrum (FT-IR),the system improved the weight and quality of carbon layer of polyacrylate, which effectively inhibited the droplet and smoke generation, significantly improved the fire safety of polycrylate.
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CUI Kuncheng, LI Hong-kun, LEI Yang, YUAN Guo-yuan, LIU De-rong, XIONG Wei
2023,40(6), DOI:
Abstract:
The amorphous metal-organic compounds (Ni-A-CA) were prepared by combining nickel node with organic ligands (adenine (A) and citric acid (CA)) via solvothermal method. Then, highly dispersed Pd/Ni-A-CA catalysts developed were fabricated by dispersing PdCl2 on amorphous support and reducing PdCl2 solution via freshly prepared NaBH4. The microstructure, morphology, and compositions of the obtained Pd/Ni-A-CA catalysts were comprehensively investigated by XRD, FT-IR, TEM, and XPS, etc. The results showed that Pd NPs were in high dispersed state and Pd NPs size diameter was 2.2 ± 0.3 nm. Besides, there existed a strong interaction effect between Pd NPs and amorphous Ni-A-CA support. The optimal temperature and hydrogen pressure were 90 °C and 2 MPa H2, respectively. Under this condition, the conversion of quinoline and the selectivity of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline were about 99% over 3% Pd/Ni-A-CA catalyst for 70 min reaction duration. Furthermore, the Pd/Ni-A-CA catalyst also exhibited good catalytic stability and catalytic performance basically kept unchanged after 5 cycles.
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YUE Changhai, HUANG Yiping, SUN Yuyu, HUANG Jingjing, DING Hui, DING Jing
2023,40(6), DOI:
Abstract:
Bromomethylimidazole modified melamine oligomer catalyst(CN MIm) was prepared by two-step method. The structure, morphology and thermal stability of catalyst were characterized by FTIR, XRD, SEM, TG and XPS. The results showed that the imidazole based ionic liquid was successfully loaded on the oligomer of melamine and had good thermal stability. The effects of reaction conditions on the cycloaddition performance of epichlorohydrin(ECH)and CO2 were investigated. Using CN MIm as catalyst, under the conditions of reaction temperature of 120 ℃, reaction time of 1.5 h, CO2 pressure of 2.0 MPa and mass ratio of catalyst to ECH of 0.036, the conversion of ECH and the yield of chloropropylene carbonate(CPC) were 99% and 98%, respectively. Meanwhile, CN MIm had good universality for different epoxides. In addition, the synergistic catalytic reaction mechanism of cycloaddition of epoxide and CO2 by bromine ion in hydroxyl, amino and imidazole based ionic liquids contained in melamine oligomers was proposed.
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AN Chao-na, WANG Yi-ying, Liu Meng, Zou Xiao, LIU Cun-fang, TIAN Guang-hui
2023,40(6), DOI:
Abstract:
To explore the catalytic synthesis process of chlorchalcone and its flavones with different substitutions using paeonol as precursor, and to explore a new way to synthesize chlorchalcone and its flavones. ChalconeⅠ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ were synthesized by paeonol and chlorobenzaldehyde catalyzed by Clason-Smit reaction base, and then the chlorobenzone Ⅳ, Ⅴ and Ⅵ were synthesized by iodine catalytic cycloclosure of the three chalcone respectively. 1H NMR, 13CNMR, 135°DEPT, FTIR and UV and fluorescence properties of the products were tested. The yield of chlorinated flavonoids Ⅳ, Ⅴ and Ⅵ were 88.6%, 87.7% and 86.1%, respectively. The fluorescence intensity at the fluorescence peak (λex/ λEM) 220/415 nm was 400, 500 and 600, respectively. The synthesis of chalcone Ⅰ is the key step. Taking the synthesis of chalcone Ⅰ as an example, the effects of single factors such as base, temperature and solvent on the yield of chalcone were investigated, and the synthesis process conditions were optimized by response surface method. With benzaldehyde dosage of 3.6 mmol, paeonol 3 mmol, ethanol 15 mL, NaOH 0.239 g and reflux at 70 ℃ for 10 h, the yield of chalcone Ⅰ was up to 93.7%. Under the same conditions, the yield of chalcone Ⅱ and chalcone Ⅲ was 92.3% and 92.1%, respectively. The synthesis process of chlorinated chalcone and flavone is simple, green and environmentally friendly, and can achieve
